Horticultural Science - Latest articles
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Effects of abscisic acid and sodium nitroprusside priming on yield and quality of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under drought stress
Thanh Thang Tran, Thanh Huong Tran, Trang Viet Bui
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(3):219-227 | DOI: 10.17221/97/2023-HORTSCI 
This study tested the impact of priming peanut seeds from the VD01-2 cultivar with either 6 mg/L of abscisic acid or 20 mg/L of sodium nitroprusside to prevent damage from drought stress. Throughout the development of peanuts under drought-stress conditions, various morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes were analyzed. According to the study, it was determined that priming with SNP had a more significant effect than priming with ABA. The use of sodium nitroprusside priming resulted in an improvement in both the yield and quality of peanuts when grown under drought conditions. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the use of sodium...
Assessment of eggplant germplasm genetic diversity using RAPD markers
Jelena Damnjanović, Zdenka Girek, Svetlana Roljević Nikolić, Milan Ugrinović, Danica Mićanović, Suzana Pavlović
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(3):212-218 | DOI: 10.17221/90/2023-HORTSCI
Evaluation of genetic resources of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) from different geographical areas using molecular markers (RAPD) is of great importance in the breeding process. A total of 90 polymorphic amplified products were obtained from 10 decametric RAPD primers, used to analyse the genetic diversity of 20 genotypes of eggplant (16 local and 4 genotypes of foreign origin). The highest polymorphism was determined using the OPAF-16 primer (70.83%). The number of detected bands ranged from 13 (OPF-04) to 24 (OPAF-16), while the average number of bands per primer was 17.2. The lengths of the amplified fragments ranged from 400 to 9 000 bp....
Use of near-infrared spectrometry in temperate fruit: A review
Pavol Suran
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(3):169-188 | DOI: 10.17221/85/2023-HORTSCI
Near-Infrared (NIR) spectrometry has emerged as a promising tool for the non-destructive and rapid analysis of temperate fruit quality, maturity, and other parameters. The technique provides a wealth of information, including details of chemical composition, without damaging the fruit, making it a highly viable alternative to traditional methods. This paper reviews the recent research and applications of NIR spectrometry for fruit evaluation, highlighting its strengths and potential limitations. The analysis shows a significant potential for NIR spectrometry, especially when combined with machine learning and artificial intelligence to handle complex...
Physiological and biochemical characteristics of cucumber seedlings under different levels drought stress (PEG 6000 concentrations)
Xiaoyun Wang, Hongyan Sun, Xin Lian, Jia Feng, Jinghang Zhao, Yibo Wang, Yanru Liu
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(3):202-211 | DOI: 10.17221/53/2023-HORTSCI
The effects of different drought stress levels on the plant growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings were investigated using different mass fractions of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 (0, 2.5, 5, 10%) to simulate the drought stress. The results showed that the plant height, root length, leaf dry weight (DW), stem DW, root DW, and plant DW all showed no significant difference under mild (2.5% PEG 6000) drought stress, while they exhibited a decreasing trend with an increasing level of PEG. The changing trend in the photosynthetic efficiency, chlorophyll a, and carotenoid content was...
Molecular, morphological and phytochemical characterization of some watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) genotypes
Ömer Faruk Coşkun, Osman Gülşen
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(3):189-201 | DOI: 10.17221/5/2023-HORTSCI
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) is grown in tropical and temperate regions and an economically important crop. Characterization studies of watermelon may provide valuable information for breeding and research programs. The objectives of this study were to determined of morphological, phytochemical, genetic diversity and population structure among the watermelons. Morphological and phytochemical variations including sugar contents were determined in 96 watermelon genotypes grown in the field. The average number of fruits per plant was determined as 2.52 ± 0.06, and the average yield was determined as 6.2 ± 0.11 kg/m2. The mean total...
Living mulches in-rows as an alternative for herbicide fallow in a pear Pyrus communis L. orchard
Ireneusz Sosna, Ewa Fudali
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):160-167 | DOI: 10.17221/14/2023-HORTSCI
Weed control and replenishing soil moisture and fertility are important areas in fruit production. The number of studies focused to determine whether living mulches in tree rows can fulfil these tasks increases recently. In the paper the results of an 11-year experiment on the effect of two such mulches (Trifolium repens L. and Agrostis capillaris L.) on the growth, yield, and fruit quality of three pear cultivars (‘Alfa’, ‘Dolores’, ‘Amfora’) in relation to herbicide fallow are presented. In the experiment, a single sowing of covering plants without additional treatments was used. A statistically significant...
Effect of ripening temperature on early-season ‘Hass’ avocado fruit exocarp colour development and pigmentation during ripening
December Simphiwe Sibeko, Kingsly Shikwambana, Nhlanhla Mathaba
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):152-159 | DOI: 10.17221/72/2023-HORTSCI
South African ‘Hass’ avocado fruit harvested early season are vulnerable to colour desynchronisation with softening during ripening, reducing their international and local market aesthetic value. So far, research has proven that ‘Hass’ avocado fruit exocarp colour desynchronization is an early season conundrum. However, there is insufficient literature on underlying factors causing exocarp colour desynchronisation. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the ripening temperature effect on early season ‘Hass’ avocado fruit exocarp colour development and pigments during ripening. Early season ‘Hass’ avocado...
Effects of sodium selenate and selenomethionine on reproductive growth, fruit quality, and 5-hydroxytryptophan metabolism of ‘Qingcui’ plum
Sun Xieping, Chen Yang, Lin Ling Kou, Chun Xia Lu, Guo Qiang Han
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):141-151 | DOI: 10.17221/45/2023-HORTSCI
Selenium (Se) is a beneficial element for plant growth and development. In this study, three-year-old potted ‘Qingcui’ plums were treated with Na2SeO4 (Se6+) or selenomethionine (SeMet Se2-) to explore the effect of Se on the plant growth, fruit quality, and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) metabolism. Flower and fruit numbers, fruit quality and yield, Se content, and 5-HTP metabolites and enzymes were detected. The results showed that the flower and fruit numbers, and yield were significantly increased by the Se application. There were no significant differences in the fruit diameters, fruit mass, edible part ratio, titratable acids, water...
Changes in growth and leaf hyperspectral reflectance of zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) under various soil compaction intensities
Jae Eun Choi, Ki Eun Song, Sun Hee Hong, Petr Konvalina, Jong Il Chung, Min Chul Kim, Sangin Shim
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):127-140 | DOI: 10.17221/173/2022-HORTSCI
This study was conducted to determine the effect of traffic stress by soil compaction on zoysiagrass by analyzing the aerial and underground parts and hyperspectral analysis. Zoysiagrass plants were subjected to a compaction strength gradient from 35 to 80 kgf/cm2 to confirm the compaction resistance and recoverable limit and measure the physiological change during stress. Changes in leaf color, photosynthesis, and hyperspectral reflectance due to continuous weak and strong traffic stress were measured, and vegetation indices were evaluated for the critical traffic stress injury assessment. As a result, the stem of the zoysiagrass was severely...
Evaluation of the total phenolic content, sugar, organic acid, volatile compounds and antioxidant capacities of fig (Ficus carica L.) genotypes selected from the Mediterranean region of Türkiye
Muhammet Ali Gündeşli, Remzi Ugur, Ipek Urün, Sezai Ercisli, Nesibe Ebru Kafkas, Gulce Ilhan, Velibor Spalevic, Riaz Ullah, Ahmed Bari
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):111-126 | DOI: 10.17221/84/2023-HORTSCI
Nowadays, the interest in research to determine the healthy compounds in fig fruits has increased, as many of them have been found to be beneficial to human health. This study aimed to determine the sugars, organic acids, total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and volatile compounds in the fruits of 19 fig (Ficus carica L.) genotypes sampled from the Kahramanmaras province in Türkiye in 2018 and 2019. In the fruit of the fig genotypes, the total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, the total antioxidant capacity was determined by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhidrazil) method, the sugars, organic acids and volatile...
Putrescine alleviates cold injury in peach fruit via elevating the conjugated polyamines in tonoplast and thereby maintaining vacuole conformation
Huaipan Liu, Dongxiao Liu
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):98-110 | DOI: 10.17221/87/2023-HORTSCI
Exogenous polyamines can elevate postharvest fruit cold resistance and alleviate cold injury. However, the mechanism, by which polyamines mediate cold tolerance, is still to be explored. So in this paper, the conjugated polyamines in tonoplast and vacuole conformation were illuminated in the flesh cells of peach fruit subjected to cold stress, which were pretreated with exogenous putrescine. The results showed that under cold condition, fruit firmness decreased and flesh browning area increased, and vacuole conformation changed. The cold injury could be alleviated by pretreatment with exogenous putrescine, as judged by stabilization of the vacuole...
Comparison of the blossom and shoot susceptibility of European and Asian pear cultivars to Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae
Iveta Pánková, Václav Krejzar, Radka Krejzarová
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):85-97 | DOI: 10.17221/18/2023-HORTSCI
The susceptibility of 14 pear cultivars to the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, the causal agent of bacterial blast, was evaluated using three different methods of in vivo inoculation detached shoots inoculation in a growth chamber, and terminal shoot and blossom inoculation of potted trees in a net house in the period 2020–2022. The 20-week assessment of infection symptoms in the net house showed different dynamics of disease development depending on the inoculation method, the weather during the growing season and the susceptibility of the pear cultivars. Most of the cultivars were during the study low susceptible...
Investigations on identification of pests in horticultural crops under greenhouse conditions
Shanthi Chinnasamy, Revathy Baskar
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(2):75-84 | DOI: 10.17221/158/2022-HORTSCI
The early detection of pests in plants and crops is essential for the production of good quality food. Computer vision techniques can be applied for the early detection of pests and which can minimise the pesticides used on the plants. Among many pests, white flies, mites, aphids and thrips are the most hazardous pests that affect the leaves. This paper presents an automated approach for the detection of different types of pests from leaf images of plants. The images of the plant leaves were acquired using a digital camera. Image pre-processing techniques, such as noise removal, filtering and contrast enhancement, are used for improving the quality...
Improving photosynthesis and the ascorbate-glutathione cycle of own-root and grafted-root chrysanthemums by brassinolide under drought stress
Peng Ming Yang, Rui Jiao Yang, Song Tao He
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(1):59-67 | DOI: 10.17221/177/2022-HORTSCI
Many studies have demonstrated that brassinolide improves the drought tolerance of plants. This study aims to test whether the drought tolerance of chrysanthemums can be improved by brassinolide and to clarify the underlying physiological mechanism. An own-root chrysanthemum and a corresponding grafted-root line (Artemisia annua rootstock) were treated with brassinolide under three water levels in a randomised complete block design with five replications. The results showed that brassinolide increased the relative water content, net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence parameters, Rubisco, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase,...
Identification of tomato circular RNAs in response to Botrytis cinerea
Linlin Li, Jiaxing Sun, Hong Yang, Xiaodong Sun, Yantao Song, Ran Hao, Guozhong Lyu
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(1):68-74 | DOI: 10.17221/162/2022-HORTSCI
Botrytis cinerea is one of the main pathogens that harm the tomato yield and cause huge economic losses worldwide. Studies of circRNAs in response to the stress caused by pathogens have received more and more attention in tomato and other model crops. In this study, four groups were treated with ZaoFen (ZF), CuiLi (CL) (susceptible and tolerant genotypes to B. cinerea, respectively), ZFBc, CLBc (48 hour response to a B. cinerea infection). A total of 918 circRNAs were identified, among which exonic circRNAs (70.70%) accounted for the majority of them, and 118 circRNAs (12.85%) were located in chr1. A total of 18 (1.96%) circRNAs were shared...
Metabolite changes in cucumber xylem sap under rhizosphere aeration
Hongbo Chen, Xu Zhao
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(1):51-58 | DOI: 10.17221/156/2022-HORTSCI
The impact of rhizosphere aeration on the composition of xylem sap in cucumber grown in soil was studied to determine its effects on (i) water and nutrient uptake, (ii) xylem transport, and (iii) amino acid synthesis in the roots. Plants grown under three different aeration conditions were subjected to progressive gas stress throughout the whole growth period. The shoot and root growth, xylem nitrate (NO3–) concentration, potassium (K+) concentration, xylem sap flow rate, and amino acid concentrations were higher in the Z1 treatment plants than in the control (CK) plants, and the former also showed a lower CO2...
Effect of seed invigoration by osmo-conditioning on radicle emergence and physiological parameters of the true seed of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Blair Moses Kamanga, Eny Widajati, Satriyas Ilyas, Endah R. Palupi
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(1):39-50 | DOI: 10.17221/150/2022-HORTSCI
Seed deterioration resulting from production and storage factors is the major cause of differences in the seed vigour that results in low seedling emergence in both the laboratory and in the field. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed invigoration by osmo-conditioning on the radicle emergence and the physiological parameters of naturally deteriorated seed lots of the true seed of shallots. The experiments were arranged in a completely randomised design with a repeated measurement for radicle emergence and a randomised complete block design for seedling vigour in the field with four replicates. The results indicated that the radicle...
UPLC-MS/MS-based widely-targeted metabolic profiling reveals leaf metabolite changes in sweet cherry under rain-shelter cultivation
Huimin Zhan, Yanhue Jiang, Haozhang Han, Yu Liu, Quan Li
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(1):29-38 | DOI: 10.17221/110/2022-HORTSCI
Metabolomics analysis based on UPLC-MS/MS was used to investigate the influence of rain shelter (RS) conditions on metabolites of sweet cherry leaves. It was found that there were 134 differential metabolites. These differential metabolites were enriched in 40 metabolic pathways. Studies on the biosynthetic pathways and regulatory mechanisms of metabolites in sweet cherry leaves showed that low-light and drought stresses in RS plants were related to the amino acid biosynthesis metabolic pathway and that of flavone and flavonol biosynthesis. Sweet cherry trees exhibited improved tolerance to drought stress by regulating the increase in the content of...
The bioactive compounds of sweet cherry fruits influenced by cultivar/rootstock combination
Maja Kazazic, Emina Mehic, Jasmina Aliman, Maida Djapo-Lavic
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(1):23-28 | DOI: 10.17221/47/2023-HORTSCI
This paper investigates the effect of rootstock (Gisela 6, PiKu 1 and SL 64) on the total phenol content, total anthocyanin content, the content of the individual phenols and the antioxidant activity in fruits of two sweet cherry cultivars, ‘Kordia’ and ‘Regina’. The total phenolic content determined by the spectrophotometric method using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent varied from 34.84 to 149.28 to mg GAE/100 g FW depending on the cultivar/rootstock combination. The concentration of total anthocyanins was determined by using the pH-differential method and it ranged from 0.46 to 11.54 mg CGE/100 g FW. Highest level of the total phenolic...
Impact of new generation plant growth regulators on fruit crops – A Review
Akshay Kumar, Rajni Rajan, Kuldeep Pandey, Rodge Rahul Ramprasad, Gulbadan Kaur, Thammali Vamshi, Tanya Singh
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(1):1-22 | DOI: 10.17221/166/2022-HORTSCI
Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are artificially synthesized substances that control growth, development, and other various physiological processes in plants. Synthesized auxins, ethylene, abscisic acid, cytokinin, and gibberellins are only a few of the key PGRs that have been studied and used for quite a long period of time. brassinosteroids, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, CPPU (N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N’-phenylurea), putrescine, hexanal, triacontanol, melatonin, and other chemicals have been added to the list of PGRs. These PGRs can be considered the new generation of plant growth regulators. These relatively novel hormones are critical for a...
Reviewers 2023
Editorial Office
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(1)
Index of Volume 50
Editorial Office
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2023, 50(4)
Polyglutamic acid as a vase life improver for cut lilies
Huiping Zhou
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2023, 50(4):308-314 | DOI: 10.17221/148/2022-HORTSCI
The vase life of cut lilies is short. Improving the vase life is very important to keep this kind of cut flower fresh by using exogenous improvers. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effectiveness of polyglutamic acid (PGA) on the vase life of cut lilies, in order to introduce a new vase life improver for cut lilies. The results demonstrated that PGA significantly strengthened the antioxidant capacity by enhancing the antioxidant activities (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase) and the antioxidant contents (total phenolics, total flavonoids, total anthocyanin...
Effects of severe drought stress on the physiology and biochemistry characteristics of Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L. var. giganteum Makino) seedlings
Xiaorui Liu, Tingting Zhang, Yang Song, Shijun Sun, Baosheng Wang, Shimao Cui
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2023, 50(4):297-307 | DOI: 10.17221/58/2022-HORTSCI
The physiological regulation of Welsh onion seedlings was explored under short- and long-term drought stress. The Welsh onion cultivar ‘Neicong 3’ was grown in pots under drought stress (22.5–25% soil water content) or controlled watering conditions (65–67.5% soil water content). Different lengths of drought stress (7, 14, 21, and 28 days) were studied to determine the effects of the drought on the levels of the osmoregulatory substances, including proline (Pro), free amino acids (FAAs), soluble sugar (SS), and soluble protein (SP); the membrane-damage indicator malondialdehyde (MDA); the endogenous hormones indoleacetic acid...
Impact of an organic fertiliser on the yield of white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) and the soil productivity
Danguolė Kavaliauskaitė, Rasa Karklelienė, Julė Jankauskienė
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2023, 50(4):290-296 | DOI: 10.17221/33/2022-HORTSCI
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a granular poultry manure fertiliser on the yield and the quality of white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), and to determine the effect on the soil agrochemical properties. The effect of the granular poultry manure fertiliser and mineral fertiliser (applied separately and combined at different times – in early spring and in autumn) on the cabbage yields was determined. Investigations were carried out in the fields of the Institute of Horticulture, the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. The object of the research – white cabbage ‘Socrates’...
Comparative analysis of phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant content in root vegetables from organic and conventional production
Zoranka Malešević, Mirjana Jovović, Aleksandra Govedarica- Lučić, Marko Petković
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2023, 50(4):283-289 | DOI: 10.17221/26/2022-HORTSCI
Vegetables and their products have a low caloric value. Root vegetables are rich in bioactive compounds such flavonoids, polyphenolic acids, carotenoids. It also contains a some percentage of other functional components that can significantly affect human health.In order to achieve a high yield, excessive fertilization with nitrogen fertilizer is performed, which worsens the quality of vegetables. The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact cultivation system on the content of total phenolics and flavonoids, as well as a comparative assessment of their antioxidant activity in selected samples of vegetables. The antioxidant activity was studied using...
Organic versus conventional ‘Willamette’ raspberry: yield, bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties
Senad Murtić, Milena Đurić, Jasmin Fazlić, Fikreta Behmen, Sanel Haseljić, Amina Šerbo, Haris Berbić
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2023, 50(4):275-282 | DOI: 10.17221/164/2022-HORTSCI
This paper presents the results of a two-year trial on the yield, total phenolic and flavonoid contents and total antioxidant capacity of the ‘Willamette’ red raspberry under organic and conventional farming. A trial was conducted in a commercial plantation of ‘Willamette’ raspberries located in the southwestern part of Serbia. The total phenolics and flavonoids in the raspberry fruits were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and aluminium chloride assay, respectively. The ferric reducing antioxidant power assay was used to evaluate the total antioxidant capacity of the raspberry fruits. The results of this study showed...
Influence of pre-harvest calcium spray on fruit quality of apple cultivars during cold storage
Boris Rilak, Ivan Glišić, Milan Lukić, Tomo Milošević, Jelena Tomić, Mira Milinković
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2023, 50(4):262-274 | DOI: 10.17221/127/2022-HORTSCI
Effect of pre-harvest calcium chloride (CaCl2) treatment on fruit quality attributes of three apple cultivars (‘Golden Delicious Reinders®’, ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Red Chief’) at harvest and after two and four months of cold storage during two consecutive years was studied. Trees were sprayed four times starting from the beginning of June at 20-day intervals. After harvest, fruits were stored in a regular atmosphere (RA) for further analysis. Measurements included fruit weight, weight loss, firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), titrable acidity (TA), total sugars (TS), TS/TA, total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant...
Colonization of ‘Sampion’ apple tree roots and rhizosphere by mycorrhizal fungi following the application of AquaGel or organic compost enriched with beneficial microorganisms
Edyta Derkowska, Beata Sumorok, Lidia Sas-Paszt, Krzysztof Górnik, Sławomir Głuszek, Anna Lisek, Augustyn Mika, Mateusz Frąc
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2023, 50(4):253-261 | DOI: 10.17221/1/2023-HORTSCI
Apple trees of the cultivar ‘Sampion’ were planted at the Experimental Orchard of National Institute of Horticultural Research in Dąbrowice. In a three-year experiment (2019–2021) the following fertilization combinations were applied: AquaGel (commercial hydrogel), AquaGel combined with a consortium of beneficial bacteria, AquaGel combined with a consortium of beneficial filamentous fungi, organic compost alone, compost combined with a consortium of beneficial bacteria, and compost combined with a consortium of beneficial filamentous fungi. The presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was assessed both in the rhizosphere soil and...
LbCu/ZnSOD and LbMnSOD involved in drought stress tolerance induced by strigolactones of cut lily
Bowen Chiai, Tian Xiea, Li Liua, Junhui Yan, Zixian Zhao, Minghua Deng, Jinfen Wena
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2023, 50(3):241-251 | DOI: 10.17221/17/2022-HORTSCI
In this study, LbCu/ZnSOD, LbFeSOD, and LbMnSOD genes were cloned, the role of strigolactones (SLs), a novel plant hormone that is ubiquitous in plants in modulating plant responses to abiotic stress, on the three superoxide dismutases (SODs) under polyethylene glycol PEG-6000 stress were researched in the petals of cut lily flowers. The results indicated that during the development of the lily bud, the expression levels of LbMnSOD gradually increased and those of LbCu/ZnSOD decreased, while the LbFeSOD expression remained at a very low level. When the cut lily flowers were subjected to 10% PEG-6000 stress,...