Horticultural Science, 2024 (vol. 51), issue 3

Use of near-infrared spectrometry in temperate fruit: A reviewReview

Pavol Suran

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(3):169-188 | DOI: 10.17221/85/2023-HORTSCI  

Near-Infrared (NIR) spectrometry has emerged as a promising tool for the non-destructive and rapid analysis of temperate fruit quality, maturity, and other parameters. The technique provides a wealth of information, including details of chemical composition, without damaging the fruit, making it a highly viable alternative to traditional methods. This paper reviews the recent research and applications of NIR spectrometry for fruit evaluation, highlighting its strengths and potential limitations. The analysis shows a significant potential for NIR spectrometry, especially when combined with machine learning and artificial intelligence to handle complex...

Molecular, morphological and phytochemical characterization of some watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) genotypesOriginal Paper

Ömer Faruk Coşkun, Osman Gülşen

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(3):189-201 | DOI: 10.17221/5/2023-HORTSCI  

Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) is grown in tropical and temperate regions and an economically important crop. Characterization studies of watermelon may provide valuable information for breeding and research programs. The objectives of this study were to determined of morphological, phytochemical, genetic diversity and population structure among the watermelons. Morphological and phytochemical variations including sugar contents were determined in 96 watermelon genotypes grown in the field. The average number of fruits per plant was determined as 2.52 ± 0.06, and the average yield was determined as 6.2 ± 0.11 kg/m2. The mean total...

Physiological and biochemical characteristics of cucumber seedlings under different levels drought stress (PEG 6000 concentrations)Original Paper

Xiaoyun Wang, Hongyan Sun, Xin Lian, Jia Feng, Jinghang Zhao, Yibo Wang, Yanru Liu

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(3):202-211 | DOI: 10.17221/53/2023-HORTSCI  

The effects of different drought stress levels on the plant growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings were investigated using different mass fractions of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 (0, 2.5, 5, 10%) to simulate the drought stress. The results showed that the plant height, root length, leaf dry weight (DW), stem DW, root DW, and plant DW all showed no significant difference under mild (2.5% PEG 6000) drought stress, while they exhibited a decreasing trend with an increasing level of PEG. The changing trend in the photosynthetic efficiency, chlorophyll a, and carotenoid content was...

Assessment of eggplant germplasm genetic diversity using RAPD markersOriginal Paper

Jelena Damnjanović, Zdenka Girek, Svetlana Roljević Nikolić, Milan Ugrinović, Danica Mićanović, Suzana Pavlović

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(3):212-218 | DOI: 10.17221/90/2023-HORTSCI  

Evaluation of genetic resources of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) from different geographical areas using molecular markers (RAPD) is of great importance in the breeding process. A total of 90 polymorphic amplified products were obtained from 10 decametric RAPD primers, used to analyse the genetic diversity of 20 genotypes of eggplant (16 local and 4 genotypes of foreign origin). The highest polymorphism was determined using the OPAF-16 primer (70.83%). The number of detected bands ranged from 13 (OPF-04) to 24 (OPAF-16), while the average number of bands per primer was 17.2. The lengths of the amplified fragments ranged from 400 to 9 000 bp....

Effects of abscisic acid and sodium nitroprusside priming on yield and quality of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under drought stressOriginal Paper

Thanh Thang Tran, Thanh Huong Tran, Trang Viet Bui

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(3):219-227 | DOI: 10.17221/97/2023-HORTSCI  

This study tested the impact of priming peanut seeds from the VD01-2 cultivar with either 6 mg/L of abscisic acid or 20 mg/L of sodium nitroprusside to prevent damage from drought stress. Throughout the development of peanuts under drought-stress conditions, various morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes were analyzed. According to the study, it was determined that priming with SNP had a more significant effect than priming with ABA. The use of sodium nitroprusside priming resulted in an improvement in both the yield and quality of peanuts when grown under drought conditions. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the use of sodium...

Sugars and organic acids components of different provenances Choerospondias axillaries fruitOriginal Paper

Yang Gao, Cheng Kun Jiang, Yu Cauo Zhao, Chun Feng Xia, Chao Nan Kan, Nan Heng Wu, Fei Ding, Yi Ping Zou

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(3):228-237 | DOI: 10.17221/128/2023-HORTSCI  

Choerospondias axillaries (CA) is an important fast-growing afforestation tree species in southern China, and its fruit has medicinal and edible value. High performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the composition and content of sugar and acid in CA fruits from different provenances, and cluster analysis was conducted on different provenances. The results showed that the total sugar content of CA fruit ranged from 49.31 to 139.41 mg/g, with sucrose accounting for the highest proportion of total sugar, followed by glucose, and fructose was the lowest. The total acid content of CA fruit ranged from 47.97...

Evaluation of susceptibility to Plum pox virus and European stone fruit yellows phytoplasma in Japanese plum and pluot cultivarsOriginal Paper

Jaroslav Salava, Jana Brožová

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(3):238-243 | DOI: 10.17221/170/2023-HORTSCI  

Resistance to PPV and ESFY phytoplasma has been evaluated for Japanese plum (‘Aphrodite’, ‘Black Amber’, ‘Crimson Glo’, ‘Santa Rosa’) and pluot (‘Dapple Supreme’, ‘Flav Queen’, ‘Flav Supreme’) cultivars. Each cultivar was grafted by chip-budding on GF 305 peach rootstocks and infected with the virulent PPV-Rec or ESFY phytoplasma strain also by chip-budding. After bud break, cultivar evaluation consisted in observing presence or absence of symptoms on leaves, noting the symptom intensity on leaves and on the whole plant. Plants were studied in controlled conditions...

Analyzing the effects of different GA3 applications on plant root architecture and above-ground properties in tulip cultivarsOriginal Paper

Ömer Sari

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2024, 51(3):244-254 | DOI: 10.17221/174/2023-HORTSCI  

In the study, the effects of 0, 100, 200 and 400 ppm spray applications of GA3 on root and above-ground parts of ‘Jan Reus’, ‘Bloody Mary’ and ‘Yokohama’ tulip cultivars were determined. According to the results, on the development of plant upper part properties, 200 ppm in ‘Jan Reus’ and ‘Yokohama’ and 100 ppm in ‘Bloody Mary’ were the most effective applications. Again, the least increases in upper part properties were obtained from the control plants in ‘Jan Reus’ and ‘Bloody Mary’, and from the 100 ppm application in ‘Yokohama’. While 100...