Horticultural Science, 2021 (vol. 48), issue 4

Response of sweet cherry buds and twigs to temperature changes - evaluated by the determination of the degradation and synthesis of sucroseOriginal Paper

Klaus-Peter Götz, Frank-Michael Chmielewski

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2021, 48(4):149-157 | DOI: 10.17221/123/2020-HORTSCI  

This study was undertaken to determine the degradation and synthesis of sucrose (Suc) in sweet cherry buds and the twig tissue response to a sequence of environmental temperature changes (cold (orchard) - warm (controlled temperature of ∼22 °C) - cold (orchard)). The results of two years' (2016, 2017) findings were compared with the buds of trees and the buds of twigs in November/December in northeast Germany. The Suc content in the buds of trees and the buds of twigs under natural conditions was stable. Temperatures of ∼22 °C resulted in a significant (Suc) degradation (62%, from 39 to 15 mg/g DW) in the buds of twigs after 21 days (day of...

The effect of weather conditions in southern Russia on the frost resistance of apricot generative budsOriginal Paper

Vadim Korzin, Valentina Gorina, Nikita Saplev

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2021, 48(4):158-165 | DOI: 10.17221/73/2020-HORTSCI  

One of the reasons limiting the apricot expansion in the world is the short period of winter dormancy in the plants and the rapid development of generative buds in the spring. Apricot flower buds often die even after small spring return frosts that limit the commercial culture of this fruit crop. The aim of this investigation was to study collection-breeding plantations and select frost-resistant genotypes that have promise for commercial and breeding use. To solve this problem, the frost resistance of generative buds in 50 apricot cultivars and the breeding forms of various origins were studied by freezing treatments of the branches in a climatic...

The effect of a magnetic field on the phenolic composition and virus sanitation of raspberry plantsOriginal Paper

Mikhail Upadyshev, Svetlana Motyleva, Ivan Kulikov, Vladislav Donetskih, Maria Mertvischeva, Klavdia Metlitskaya, Anna Petrova

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2021, 48(4):166-173 | DOI: 10.17221/60/2020-HORTSCI  

A magnetic pulse treatment led to an increase in the Raspberry bushy dwarf Idaeovirus-free microplants' output and their phenolic composition change. The greatest output of the virus-free raspberries microplants (80-82%) was marked after complex treatment with pulsed and rotating magnetic fields with a time-changing frequency from 3.2 to 51 Hz, as well as with a pulsed magnetic field with a frequency from 1 to 10 Hz. The pulsed and rotating magnetic fields' complex effect resulted in the gallic and salicylic acid content increase by 14 % and 71%, respectively, compared to the untreated variant. The chlorogenic, salicylic and gallic acids' active synthesis...

The difference in temperature between day and night affects the strawberry soluble sugar content by influencing the photosynthesis, respiration and sucrose phosphatase synthaseOriginal Paper

Xiangyi Wu, Wei Han, Zaiqiang Yang, Yixuan Zhang, Yanjiao Zheng

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2021, 48(4):174-182 | DOI: 10.17221/169/2020-HORTSCI  

Plenty of studies have demonstrated that DIF has an effect on the fruit growth. To study the effects of day and night temperature differences on the strawberry sugar quality, an experiment using climate chambers was conducted. Five different differences between the day and night temperatures (DIF) were set, which were 6 °C (28 °C/22 °C, day/night temperature), 8 °C (29 °C/21 °C), 10 °C (30 °C/20 °C), 12 °C (31 °C/19 °C), 14 °C (32 °C/18 °C). The results showed the following indices peaked with a DIF of 12 °C, including the photosynthesis rate, glucose content, fructose content, sucrose content, soluble sugar content and sugar metabolic enzyme activity....

Effect of growing location on anthocyanin content and total antioxidant capacity of haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.) berry: A preliminary investigationOriginal Paper

Aruma B.H.K. De Silva, H.P. Vasantha Rupasinghe

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2021, 48(4):183-189 | DOI: 10.17221/79/2020-HORTSCI  

The haskap has been successfully cultivated in many geographical zones in Canada. We investigated whether the latitude has any impact on the anthocyanin accumulation and total antioxidant capacity in the haskap berry. The measured quality attributes were compared with that of the blueberry. Haskap 'Aurora' berries were collected from Yukon, British Columbia, Saskatchewan, and Nova Scotia in Canada, and blueberries were collected from Nova Scotia. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), the most abundant anthocyanin of haskap berry, the total anthocyanins, the total polyphenols, the soluble solids (°Brix), the pH value, the total antioxidant capacity, and the...

Impact of fertilisers on five turfgrass mixtures for football pitches under natural conditionsOriginal Paper

Barbara Zanelli, Matej Vidrih, Tanja Bohinc, Stanislav Trdan

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2021, 48(4):190-204 | DOI: 10.17221/160/2020-HORTSCI  

For 2 years (2019-2020), a field experiment to test the activities of different fertilisation schemes on the yield, colour and health status of five different grass mixtures for football pitches was conducted. Two grass mixtures were composed of different varieties of perennial ryegrass, one mixture was composed of varieties of perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass, one mixture consisted of the species Lolium perenne, Festuca rubra, Festuca arundinacea and Poa pratensis, and the seeds of only one variety of perennial ryegrass were sowed in one plot. Three different fertilisation schemes were included in the experiment. The first scheme (A) contained...