Horticultural Science, 2012 (vol. 39), issue 3

In vitro shoot multiplication as influenced by repeated subculturing of shoots of contemporary fruit rootstocks

T. Vujović, Dj. Ružić, R. Cerović

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2012, 39(3):101-107 | DOI: 10.17221/208/2011-HORTSCI  

In vitro shoots of vegetative rootstocks for cherry (Gisela 5 and Gisela 6), plum (Fereley Jaspi) and pear (Pyrodwarf) were repeatedly subcultured for 10 subcultures on Murashige and Skoog medium of unchanged hormonal composition. Shoot formation capacity decreased over repeated subculturing in all genotypes. The first significant decrease in multiplication index was observed after first subculture in Gisela 6 and Fereley Jaspi, while in Gisela 5 the decline occurred after second subculture, and remained at that level. As for Gisela 6 and Fereley Jaspi, multiplication index was mainly stable from second to forth subculture, whereupon the second...

Final evaluation of nine plum cultivars grafted onto two rootstocks in a trial established in 1998 at Holovousy

J. Blažek, I. Pištěková

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2012, 39(3):108-115 | DOI: 10.17221/150/2011-HORTSCI  

Nine plum cultivars newly introduced into production were evaluated in a replicated trial established in 1998 on two rootstocks planted in a spacing of 5 × 1.5 m. Trees were trained as spindles and evaluated regarding vigour, canopy performance, level and stability of yields, yield efficiency, fruit size, time of flowering and harvest season until 2010. Significant differences among cultivars were found but the most interesting were related to tree vigour, yield efficiency and fruit size. Dwarfing influence of Wangenheim seedling was negligible in Empress and Čačanska lepotica but mostly visible in Sanctus Hubertus. Wegierka Dabrowicka on both the...

Characterization of M. laxa and M. fructigena isolates from Hungary with MP-PCR

Sz. Sződi, H. Komjáti, Gy. Turóczi

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2012, 39(3):116-122 | DOI: 10.17221/216/2011-HORTSCI  

Monilinia laxa (Monilia laxa), Monilinia fructicola (Monilia fructicola) and Monilinia fructigena (Monilia fructigena) are the causal agents of brown rot on pome and stone fruits in Hungary. Forty-five isolates collected from different hosts, different years in several orchards were used for characterization of the M. laxa and M. fructigena population in Hungary. The isolates were identified on species level based on morphological and molecular biological methods; out of these 24 were M. laxa, 20 were M. fructigena and 1 was M. fructicola. Populations...

Nutritional values of new Czech cultivars of Saskatoon berries (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.)

O. Rop, V. Řezníček, J. Mlček, T. Juríková, J. Sochor, R. Kizek, P. Humpolíček, J. Balík

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2012, 39(3):123-128 | DOI: 10.17221/194/2011-HORTSCI  

The Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.) belongs to less known cultivated pomaceous fruit. Over the last two decades new cultivars have been bred in the Czech Republic. In our work the fruit of those new cultivars were analysed as far as basic nutritional characteristics were concerned. Moreover, the content of phenolic substances, antioxidant capacity and flavonoid content were determined. For comparison, the fruit of selected North American cultivars grown in the conditions of Central Europe were analysed. Besides North American cultivars also the Tisnovsky cultivar seems to be promising since both the highest content of phenolic...

Effects of different light intensities on anti-oxidative enzyme activity, quality and biomass in lettuce

Weiguo Fu, Pingping Li, Yanyou Wu, Juanjuan Tang

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2012, 39(3):129-134 | DOI: 10.17221/192/2011-HORTSCI  

Recently, the worldwide demand for romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) has been increasing. Thus, regulation measures of supplementary or shading light are often used in the production of lettuce in some regions. However, inconsistent results on the light saturation point of lettuce from previous studies do not facilitate the regulation of light intensity. In the present study, the effects of different light intensities on anti-oxidative enzyme activity, yield and quality of lettuce were investigated. The results reveal the following: (1) judged by the dynamics of anti-oxidative enzyme activity, there was no light stress to occurr in the 100,...

Effects of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) and powdery mildew [Leveillula taurica (Lev.) Arn.] on pepper growth and yield - Short communication

A. Karkanis, D. Bilalis, A. Efthimiadou, N. Katsenios

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2012, 39(3):135-138 | DOI: 10.17221/213/2011-HORTSCI  

Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of field bindweed and powdery mildew on growth and yield of a pepper crop. This study also evaluated the efficacy of fungicide application programs for controlling powdery mildew. Field bindweed influenced growth and yield of pepper. The greatest dry weight and yield of pepper were recorded with weed-free control treatment. Moreover, powdery mildew was severe. The fungicide application programs positively influenced growth and yield of pepper. The control plots had the lowest yield of pepper. The first symptoms of powdery mildew on pepper plants developed 20-25 days after powdery mildew diagnosis...

Occurrence of viruses on pepper plantations in the Czech Republic - Short communication

J. Svoboda, L. Svobodová-Leišová

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2012, 39(3):139-143 | DOI: 10.17221/69/2011-HORTSCI  

A survey of viruses on capsicum plants in the Czech Republic was carried out in the years 2006-2010. Altogether, 375 leaf samples with symptoms suggesting viral infection were collected both from open fields and greenhouses. These samples were examined for the presence of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Broad bean wilt virus-1 (BBWV-1), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), Potato virus Y (PVY), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) by ELISA. Viruses detected in the samples were AMV, BBWV-1, CMV and PVY. The most prevalent were CMV and PVY...

Apricot latent virus - Review

L. Grimová, P. Ryšánek

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2012, 39(3):144-148 | DOI: 10.17221/260/2011-HORTSCI  

Apricot latent virus (ApLV) is a definitive species of the Foveavirus genus, the Betaflexiviridae family. Although the virus is not highly prevalent, it was identified in several European and Mediterranean countries thus far. Biological experiments demonstrated that, in addition to the only known natural host, Prunus armeniaca, ApLV can be experimentally graft-transmitted to several Prunus species. Therefore, the eradication of the viral pathogen largely depends on the use of virus-free propagating materials and rootstocks, which should be seriously considered when designing and implementing stone fruit certification...