Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2017, 44(2):55-63 | DOI: 10.17221/7/2016-HORTSCI

Effect of polyploidization on morphology in two apple (Malus × domestica) genotypesOriginal Paper

Niek Hias*,1, Leen Leus2, Mark W. Davey3, Stijn Vanderzande4, Johan Van Huylenbroeck2, Johan Keulemans1
1 Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
2 Plant Sciences Unit, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Melle, Belgium
3 Bayer Crop Science, Gent, Belgium
4 Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, USA

Because polyploidy often results in enhancement of desirable properties, artificial genome doubling is commonly used in agri- and horticultural crop breeding programs. In this study genome doubling was induced in two apple genotypes. The effect on vegetative morphological and physiological traits of the plants was then comprehensively determined by comparing the obtained tetraploid apple plants with their diploid counterparts. Out of 17 different physio- and morphological characteristics, 15 were significantly affected in one or both genotypes. The response of these 15 characteristics also appeared to have been caused by two effects; 10 of the 15 characteristics exhibited a common response to ploidy change over both genotypes while five traits showed a genotype-specific response to polyploidization. Tetraploid leaves also exhibited a darker leaf colour, which could be correlated to a higher pigment concentration. Furthermore, the results also show a decreased elongation rate and leaf size in tetraploids, which is suggested to be due to the observed lower cell density in the polyploid apple plants.

Keywords: chromosome doubling; diploid; growth; leaf parameters; tetraploid

Published: June 30, 2017  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Hias N, Leus L, Davey MW, Vanderzande S, Van Huylenbroeck J, Keulemans J. Effect of polyploidization on morphology in two apple (Malus × domestica) genotypes. Hort. Sci. (Prague). 2017;44(2):55-63. doi: 10.17221/7/2016-HORTSCI.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Achten W.M.J., Maes W.H., Reubens B., Mathijs E., Singh V.P., Verchot L., Muys B. (2010): Biomass production and allocation in Jatropha curcas L. seedlings under different levels of drought stress. Biomass and Bioenergy, 34: 667-676. Go to original source...
    2. Allario T., Brumos J., Colmenero-Flores J.M., Iglesias D.J., Pina J.A., Navarro L., Talon M., Ollitrault P., Morillon R. (2013): Tetraploid Rangpur lime rootstock increases drought tolerance via enhanced constitutive root abscisic acid production. Plant, Cell & Environment, 36: 856-868. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    3. Allario T., Brumos J., Colmenero-Flores J.M., Tadeo F., Froelicher Y., Talon M., Navarro L., Ollitrault P., Morillon R. (2011): Large changes in anatomy and physiology between diploid Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia) and its autotetraploid are not associated with large changes in leaf gene expression. Journal of Experimental Botany, 62: 2507-2519. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    4. Beaulieu J.M., Leitch I.J., Patel S., Pendharkar A., Knight C.A. (2008). Genome size is a strong predictor of cell size and stomatal density in angiosperms. New Phytologist, 179: 975-986. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    5. Blanke M.M., Höfer M., Pring R.J. (1994): Stomata and structure of tetraploid apple leaves cultured in vitro. Annals of Botany, 74: 651-654. Go to original source...
    6. Cohen D., Bogeat-Triboulot M-B., Tisserant E., Balzergue S., Martin-Magniette M-L., Lelandais G., Ningre N., Renou J-P., Tamby J-P., Le Thiec D., Hummel I. (2010): Comparative transcriptomics of drought responses in Populus: a meta-analysis of genome-wide expression profiling in mature leaves and root apices across two genotypes. BMC Genomics, 11: 630. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    7. Comai L. (2005): The advantages and disadvantages of being polyploid. Nature Reviews, Genetics 6: 836-46. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Defra. (2010): Fingerprinting the National Apple & Pear Collections. Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs - Final Project Report: 1-18. Available at http://randd.defra.gov.uk
    9. Del Pozo J.C., Ramirez-Parra E. (2014): Deciphering the molecular bases for drought tolerance in Arabidopsis autotetraploids. Plant, Cell & Environment, 37: 2722-2737. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. Dhooghe E., Grunewald W., Leus L., Van Labeke M.C. (2009): In vitro polyploidisation of Helleborus species. Euphytica, 165: 89-95. Go to original source...
    11. Dobránszki J., Abdul-Kader A., Magyar-Tábori K., JámborBenczúr E., Bubán T., Szalai J., Lazányi J. (2000): Single and dual effects of different cytokinins on shoot multiplication of different apple scions. International Journal of Horticultural Science, 6: 76-78. Go to original source...
    12. Eeckhaut T., Van Huylenbroeck J., De Schepper S., Van Labeke MC. (2006): Breeding for polyploidy in Belgian azalea (Rhododendron simsii Hybrids) . Acta Horticulturae (ISHS), 714: 113-118. Go to original source...
    13. French C.S., Smith J.H., Virgin H.I., Airth R.L. (1956): Fluorescence-spectrum curves of chlorophylls, pheophytins, phycoerythrins, phycocyanins and hypericin. Plant Physiology, 31: 369-374. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    14. Guerra D., Teresa M., Wittmann S., Schwarz S.F., Vitor P., De Souza D., Gonzatto M.P., Weiler R.L. (2014): Comparison between diploid and tetraploid citrus rootstocks: morphological characterization and growth evaluation. Bragantia, 73: 1-7. Go to original source...
    15. Guo M., Rupe M.A., Dieter J.A., Zou J., Spielbauer D., Duncan K.E., Howard R.J., Hou Z., Simmons C.R. (2010): Cell Number Regulator1 affects plant and organ size in maize : implications for crop yield enhancement and heterosis. The Plant Cell, 22: 1057-1073. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    16. Hao G.Y., Lucero M.E., Sanderson S.C., Zacharias E.H., Holbrook N.M. (2013): Polyploidy enhances the occupation of heterogeneous environments through hydraulic related trade-offs in Atriplex canescens (Chenopodiaceae). New Phytologist, 197: 970-978. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Jones H.G. (2013): Plants and Microclimate: a Quantitative Approach to Environmental Plant Physiology. 3rd Ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University press: 129-130. Go to original source...
    18. Kermani M.J., Sarasan V., Roberts A.V., Yokoya K., Wentworth J., Sieber V.K. (2003): Oryzalin-induced chromosome doubling in Rosa and its effect on plant morphology and pollen viability. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 107: 1195-1200. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    19. Lespinasse Y, Noiton D. (1986): Contribution á l'étude d'une plante haploïde de pommier (Malus pumila Mill.). Etude descriptive et comparaison avec des clones de ploïdie différente. I. - Caractères végétatifs : entre- noeuds, feuilles et stomates. (Contribution to the study of a haploid apple (Malus pumila). Descriptive study and comparison with clones of different levels of ploidy. L - Vegetative characters: internodes, leaves and stomata). Agronomie, 6: 659-664. Go to original source...
    20. Li W.D., Biswas D.K., Xu H., Xu C.Q., Wang X.Z., Liu J.K., Jiang G.M. (2009): Photosynthetic responses to chromosome doubling in relation to leaf anatomy in Lonicera japonica subjected to water stress. Functional Plant Biology, 36: 783-792. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    21. Liu G., Li Z., Bao M. (2007): Colchicine-induced chromosome doubling in Platanus acerifolia and its effect on plant morphology. Euphytica, 157: 145-154. Go to original source...
    22. Mizukami Y. (2001): A matter of size: Developmental control of organ size in plants. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 4: 533-539. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    23. Pereira-Lorenzo S., Ramos-Cabrer A.M., Díaz-Hernández M.B. (2006): Evaluation of genetic identity and variation of local apple cultivars (Malus × domestica Borkh.) from Spain using microsatellite markers. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 54: 405-420. Go to original source...
    24. Powell A.E., Lenhard M. (2012): Control of organ size in plants. Current Biology, 22: 360-367. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    25. Riddle N.C., Kato A., Birchler J.A. (2006): Genetic variation for the response to ploidy change in Zea mays L. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 114: 101-111. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    26. Sedov E.N., Sedysheva G.A., Serova Z.M., Gorbacheva N.G. (2014): Autogamy of polyploid apple varieties and forms. Russian Agricultural Sciences, 40: 253-256. Go to original source...
    27. Sedysheva G.A., Gorbacheva N.G. (2013): Estimation of new tetraploid apple forms as donors of diploid gametes for selection on a polyploidy level. Universal Journal of Plant Science, 1: 49-54. Go to original source...
    28. Stupar R.M., Bhaskar P.B., Yandell B.S., Rensink W.A., Hart A.L., Ouyang S., Veilleux R.E., Busse J.S., Erhardt R.J., Buell C.R., Jiang J. (2007): Phenotypic and transcriptomic changes associated with potato autopolyploidization. Genetics, 176: 2055-2067. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    29. Sugiyama S. (2005): Polyploidy and cellular mechanisms changing leaf size: Comparison of diploid and autotetraploid populations in two species of Lolium. Annals of Botany, 96: 931-938. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    30. Sun Q., Sun H., Li L., Bell R.L. (2009): In vitro colchicineinduced polyploid plantlet production and regeneration from leaf explants of the diploid pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivar, 'Fertility'. Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology, 84: 548-552. Go to original source...
    31. Tan F.Q., Tu H., Liang W.J, Long J.M., Wu X.M., Zhang H.Y., Guo W.W. (2015): Comparative metabolic and transcriptional analysis of a doubled diploid and its diploid citrus rootstock (C. junos cv. Ziyang xiangcheng) suggests its potential value for stress resistance improvement. BMC Plant Biology, 15: 1-14. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    32. Trojak-goluch A., Skomra U. (2013): Artificially induced polyploidization in Humulus lupulus L. and its effect on morphological and chemical traits. Breeding Science, 63: 393-399. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    33. Vaarama A. (1946): Meiosis and polyploid characters in the tetraploid apple variety hibernal. Hereditas, 34: 147-160. Go to original source...
    34. Van Laere K., Van Huylenbroeck J., Van Bockstaele E. (2006): Breeding strategies to increase genetic variability within Hibiscus syriacus. Proceedings of the 22nd International Eucarpia Symposium Section Ornamentals: Breeding for Beauty: 75-81. Go to original source...
    35. Van Laere K., França S.C., Vansteenkiste H., Van Huylenbroeck J., Steppe K., Van Labeke MC. (2011): Influence of ploidy level on morphology, growth and drought susceptibility in Spathiphyllum wallisii. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 33: 1149-1156. Go to original source...
    36. Wellburn A.R. (1994): The spectral determination of chlorophylls a and b, as well as total carotenoids, using various solvents with spectrophotometers of different resolution. Journal of Plant Physiology, 144: 307-313. Go to original source...
    37. Xue H., Zhang F., Zhang Z-H., Fu J-F., Wang F., Zhang B., Ma Y. (2015): Differences in salt tolerance between diploid and autotetraploid apple seedlings exposed to salt stress. Scientia Horticulturae, 190: 24-30. Go to original source...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content