Horticultural Science, 2016 (vol. 43), issue 4
Comparison of physicochemical traits of red-fleshed, commercial and ancient apple cultivarsOriginal Paper
C. Contessa, R. Botta
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(4):159-166 | DOI: 10.17221/132/2015-HORTSCI 
Cultivation of apples is currently based on a limited number of commercial cultivars; as a consequence, ancient and local varieties have almost completely disappeared. Red-fleshed, ancient and commercial cultivars were analysed for flesh firmness, soluble solid content, pH, titratable acidity, total phenolics and anthocyanin contents, total antioxidant capacity, sugars and organic acids composition, to evaluate their nutraceutical value. The ancient cultivars, in particular cv. Magnana, were generally higher in organic acids, sugars content and total phenolics content in the flesh than the commercial cultivars considered. The red-fleshed cultivar was...
Precocity and a long-term cropping in apple progenies grown on M 9 rootstockOriginal Paper
J. Blažek, L. Zelený, J. Křelinová
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(4):167-174 | DOI: 10.17221/268/2015-HORTSCI
The fruiting of 23 apple progenies, in total 756 genotypes grafted on M 9 rootstock, was evaluated for 11 years (2005-2015). The most precocious was the progeny obtained by the crossing of genotype HL1737 and Pink Lady cultivar, seedlings of which achieved fruiting stage just between the first and second year after planting. The least precocious was the progeny Freedom × Antonovka o.p., in which seedlings started fruiting on average just in the 5th and 6th year after planting. The most productive in the study was the progeny HL782 × Topaz, having a mean rating of 5.33 points on a 1-9 scale. Behind this leader, in decreasing...
Evaluation of 'Sun Protect' in protecting apples (Malus × domestica Borkh.) against sunburnOriginal Paper
T. Sotiropoulos, A. Petridis, M. Koukourikou-Petridou, S. Koundouras
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(4):175-180 | DOI: 10.17221/200/2015-HORTSCI
Sunburn is a major type of solar radiation injury that leads to significant economic losses in several fruits, including apples. Here, the efficiency of a new product, called 'Sun Protect', in protecting apples (cv. Granny Smith) against sunburn was tested. The effect of 'Sun Protect' application was further examined on fruit quality characteristics, including soluble solids, acidity, flesh firmness, total phenol content and antioxidant activity, at harvest and after a 4-month period of storage. Spraying apple trees with 'Sun Protect' resulted in better fruit coloration and no visual symptoms of sunburn. On the other hand, fruit quality characteristics...
Evaluation of dormancy break in some selected peach (Prunus persica) cultivarsOriginal Paper
J. Horsáková, B. Krška
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(4):181-187 | DOI: 10.17221/154/2014-HORTSCI
The evaluation of dormancy break based on the number of flower buds in bloom was performed in years 2011-2013 (January-April) for 15 peach cultivars compared to the control cv. Redhaven. Based on the date of endogenous dormancy break the evaluated peach cultivars could be classified into three groups consisting of: (1) cultivars with an early break of dormancy, (2) cultivars with a medium-early break of dormancy and (3) cultivars with a late break of dormancy. For individual cultivars, the duration of the dormancy period was influenced by meteorological conditions existing in a given year.
Water deficit effects on grapevine woody tissue pigmentationsOriginal Paper
D. Grossi, L. Rustioni, G. Simone Di Lorenzo, O. Failla, L. Brancadoro
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(4):188-194 | DOI: 10.17221/186/2015-HORTSCI
Water availability is an important environmental factor in viticulture. In a climate change context, vineyard management should be adapted to the new conditions. Drought-resistant rootstocks need to be selected. In this paper, reflectance spectroscopy is proposed as a new method to characterize the water stress effects on woody section pigmentations. Cabernet Sauvignon grafted on 4 different rootstocks (140Ru, 420A, M2 and M3) represented the plant material. Greenhouse controlled conditions allowed the comparison of well-watered (WW) and water-stressed (WS) plants. The physiological responses were characterized concerning daily water consumption, stem...
Effect of mycorrhizal inoculation of leek Allium porrum L. on mineral nitrogen leachingOriginal Paper
L. Kučová, J. Záhora, R. Pokluda
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(4):195-202 | DOI: 10.17221/182/2015-HORTSCI
This study evaluated the influence of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation of leek (Allium porrum L.) on the leaching of ammonia and nitrate nitrogen from the experimental pots filled with either sterile or non-sterile soil mix, consisting equally of the arable soil and horticultural substrate. Leek plants were inoculated by Funneliformis mosseae, Claroideoglomus claroideum, Rhizophagus intraradices and by their combinations. Based on the obtained data, it can be concluded that: (a) the influence of AMF on nitrate leaching does not follow some simple rules, (b) the amounts of percolating nitrates can...
Testing the winter hardiness of selected chrysanthemum cultivars of Multiflora typeOriginal Paper
L. Augustinová, J. Doležalová, P. Matiska, Z. Wimmerová, T. Kodetová
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(4):203-210 | DOI: 10.17221/37/2015-HORTSCI
Over the course of 2007-2013, 19 selected cultivars of Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum were tested. Testing was conducted during two seasons under field conditions and on potted plants in the freezing chamber at temperatures -8, -10 and -12°C. It was found that frost hardiness of chrysanthemums of Multiflora type can be reliably determined at a temperature intervention of -8°C. The field trials and tests in freezing chamber revealed that cv. Vlasta did not overwinter. In field trials, the most winter hardy cultivars were Zina, Berta, Mína, Dorota, Estela, Tereza and clone 912, which are possible to grow as short-lived perennials. Cvs...