Horticultural Science, 2016 (vol. 43), issue 3
The influence of biofertilization on the growth, yield and fruit quality of cv. Topaz apple treesOriginal Paper
Walid Fediala Abd El-Gleel Mosa, Lidia Sas Paszt, Mateusz Frąc, Paweł Trzciński, Michał Przybył, Waldemar Treder, Krzysztof Klamkowski
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(3):105-111 | DOI: 10.17221/154/2015-HORTSCI 
Maiden apple trees of cv. Topaz were planted in 2011. In the spring of 2014, chemical fertilization (NPK) and various bioproducts: Fertigo, Micosat, Humus UP, Humus Active + Aktywit PM, Aktywit PM, BioFeed Quality, BioFeed Amin, Vinassa, Florovit Natura and Florovit Eko alone or enriched with Pantoea sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens, Klebsiella oxytoca and Rhizobium sp. bacteria species were applied to the apple trees to evaluate their effect on the growth, yield and fruit quality. Our results demonstrated that Yeast + beneficial bacteria gave the highest yield in terms of weight and number of fruits per tree in comparison to...
Impact of insecticides treatment on phytoplasma infection risk in apple orchardsOriginal Paper
D. Šafářová, M. Starý, P. Válová, M. Opatíková, L. Bílková, M. Navrátil
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(3):112-116 | DOI: 10.17221/272/2015-HORTSCI
During 2013-2015, a monitoring study was carried out on the migration, abundance, and infectivity of Cacopsylla picta and C. melanoneura in apple orchards that were under different types of management. The presence of symptomatic and non-symptomatic apple trees infected by 'Candidatus Phytoplasma mali' was studied. It was demonstrated that the infectivity of psyllid vectors is the same without regard to the growth management applied in the orchard. The potential risk of phytoplasma spreading in the orchards under an integrated management was lower due to the side-effects of insecticides on psyllids. Their shorter occurrence,...
Effect of controlled atmosphere storage on production of volatiles and ethylene from cv. Zaosuli pearsOriginal Paper
J. Goliáš, J. Létal, J. Balík, J. Kožíšková
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(3):117-125 | DOI: 10.17221/160/2015-HORTSCI
Harvest-mature fruits of the pear cv. Zaosuli (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) were stored at 1.0-1.5°C under two different experimental atmospheres. The controlled atmosphere (CA) had low oxygen (2.0%) and high CO2 (7%), while the regular atmosphere (RA) had 20.9% O2 and 0.1% CO2. Sixty-four volatile compounds were subsequently detected and quantified by solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) including 1 hydrocarbon, 16 alcohols, 15 aldehydes, 4 ketones, 15 esters, 8 terpenes, 2 lactones and 2 fatty acids. The principal component analysis of data was carried out to assess the effects of these post-harvest storage...
Tolerance of peach flower buds to low sub-zero temperatures in winterOriginal Paper
M. Szymajda, E. Żurawicz
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(3):126-133 | DOI: 10.17221/206/2015-HORTSCI
After each of three consecutive winters, 2010/2011, 2011/2012 and 2012/2013, the extent of frost damage to flower buds was studied in 25 genotypes of peach growing in the collection of varieties in the Experimental Orchard in Dąbrowice near Skierniewice (central Poland). The lowest temperatures during those winters were quite similar: -22.3°C (February 22, 2011), -23.3°C (February 3 and 4, 2012), and -21.4°C (March 24, 2013). However, after the winters of 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 the extent of damage to peach flower buds was much larger than after the 2012/2013 winter. This was caused by different weather patterns during those winters. During the 2010/2011...
Changing of the flower bud frost hardiness in three Hungarian apricot cultivarsOriginal Paper
L. Szalay, M. Ladányi, V. Hajnal, A. Pedryc, M. Tóth
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(3):134-141 | DOI: 10.17221/161/2015-HORTSCI
Hungary lies near the northern border of the apricot growing area, so frost hardiness is a decisive factor for the reliability of production. Both the development and loss of frost hardiness take place gradually in the overwintering organs, depending on the hereditary traits of the cultivars and the prevailing environmental conditions. Among the overwintering organs the flower buds are the most sensitive to frost. The frost hardiness of the flower buds of three Hungarian cultivars (Ceglédi bíborkajszi, Gönci magyar kajszi and Rózsakajszi C. 1406) was determined using artificial freezing tests during the dormancy period in 11 years. Mathematical models...
Effects of garlic genotype on cloves formation under in vitro conditionsOriginal Paper
H. Fišerová, T. Vyhnánek, Z. Staňková, V. Kozák, M. Klemš, L. Havel
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(3):142-148 | DOI: 10.17221/151/2015-HORTSCI
Prior to the transfer of multiplicated garlic plants from in vitro to ex vitro conditions it is necessary to induce the formation of bulbs and to verify the identity of propagated young individuals with their maternal plant. This study deals with effects of exogenous compounds (i.e. paclobutrazol, abscisic acid and ethylene) on formation of bulbs of four garlic cultivars (Lan, Lukan, Emilie, Japo) and on production of ethylene and carbon dioxide (CO2). In the softneck garlic cv. Emilie, the exogenous application of paclobutrazol increased numbers of daughter cloves and production of both ethylene and CO2. In...
Sequential abiotic stress applied to juvenile eggplant modifies the seedlings parameters, plant ontogeny and yieldOriginal Paper
A. Sękara, R. Bączek-Kwinta, M. Gawęda, A. Kalisz, R. Pokluda, A. Jezdinský
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(3):149-157 | DOI: 10.17221/162/2015-HORTSCI
The main goal of this study was to evaluate eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) susceptibility to a sequence of stress factors during plant ontogeny based on seedling morphological, biochemical and physiological parameters and the subsequent assessment of yield characteristics. After germination, seedlings at the radical stage were exposed to chilling, heat, osmotic or oxidative stress. Four weeks after development in standard conditions in a greenhouse, the seedlings were again subjected to chilling stress in a growth chamber. A non-chilled Control was implemented. Then, the yield and physiological characteristics were assessed after field cultivation....