Horticultural Science, 2016 (vol. 43), issue 1

Changes in gene expression profile during fruit development determine fruit qualityOriginal Paper

S.E. Keller-Przybyłkowicz, K.P. Rutkowski, D.E. Kruczyńska, K. Pruski

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(1):1-9 | DOI: 10.17221/78/2015-HORTSCI  

Climacteric fruit maturation is polygenic, complex process. Gene activity has a significant effect on the quality characteristics of the fruit for harvest and storage. Existing methods generally allow determining the degree of ripeness at harvest (point '0'). Since there is no method defining onset of the climacteric stage of the fruits, an attempt to identify the functional molecular marker that would determine a physiological ripeness of the fruit several days in advance before harvest was conducted. The analysis of changes in transcript of ten selected genes, and evaluation of the correlation of these genes with changes in fruits quality of two...

Plum cultivars Zlatka and Pozna Plava (Prunus domestica L.) bred at the Fruit Research Institute in ČačakOriginal Paper

I. Glišić, Ž. Karaklajić-Stajić, S.A. Paunović, M. Lukić

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(1):10-16 | DOI: 10.17221/61/2015-HORTSCI  

This study was carried out to compare the most relevant biological characteristics and field resistance to economically important diseases of the new (Zlatka and Pozna Plava) and standard plum cultivars (Čačanska Lepotica and Čačanska Rodna) in the Region of Čačak. The experimental area climate belongs to the temperate type. The mean annual air temperature during the experimental period was 12.65°C, and humidity was 80.4%. The average annual rainfall was 571.2 mm. The ripening time of the cv. Zlatka occurred between August 3-23, while the cv. Pozna Plava ripened between August 26-September 25. Compared to cv. Čačanska Lepotica, cv. Zlatka had a significantly...

Phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of integrated and conventionally grown strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)Original Paper

M. Pešaković, S. Milenković, D. Đukić, L. Mandić, Ž. Karaklajić-Stajić, J. Tomić, N. Miletić

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(1):17-24 | DOI: 10.17221/180/2014-HORTSCI  

Evaluation was performed of the effect made by integrated and conventional production systems on phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of cv. Senga Sengana strawberry grown under greenhouse conditions over two consecutive years. The experiment also involved three different types of fertilizer. The integrated production system provides significantly larger quantities of polyphenols as well as a higher antioxidant capacity, compared to values obtained using the conventional system. The investigation into total phenolics content and total antioxidant capacity, as well as individual flavonols and phenolic acids (except gallic acid) content reveals...

Resveratrol and piceid isomers concentrations in grapevine shoots, leaves, and tendrilsOriginal Paper

J. Lachman, Z. Kotíková, A. Hejtmánková, V. Pivec, O. Pšeničnaja, M. Šulc, R. Střalková, M. Dědina

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(1):25-32 | DOI: 10.17221/258/2014-HORTSCI  

The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of cis- and trans-isomers of resveratrol and piceid contained in the shoots, leaves and tendrils of six grapevine varieties and three locations processed under two different drying conditions. The highest trans-resveratrol content was found in the shoots; trans-piceid was contained in lesser amounts (7%) and cis-forms only in very small amounts (~1%). In leaves, both forms of piceid were dominant, while in tendrils trans- and cis-forms of piceid were dominant in samples dried in the laboratory oven at 40°C. Pinot Noir differed from...

Salt tolerance of spinach as related to seasonal climateOriginal Paper

S. Ors, D.L. Suarez

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(1):33-41 | DOI: 10.17221/114/2015-HORTSCI  

Three sets of experiments with spinach (Spinacia oleracea L., cv. Racoon) were conducted under saline water irrigation during different time periods between December 7, 2012-June 15, 2013 to understand the impact of increased temperature on salt tolerance in cool season crops. The first experiment consisted of 4 different salinity levels: 0, 4, 7, 9 dS/m and the two subsequent experiments each had 6 different levels of saline water: 0, 4, 7, 9, 12, and 15 dS/m. Irrigation water salinity up to 9 dS/m did not cause any yield loss in spinach during the first set of experiments, indicating that this cultivar is considerably more salt tolerant...

Headed Chinese cabbage growth and yield influenced by different manure types in organic farming systemOriginal Paper

E. Laczi, A. Apahidean, E. Luca, A. Dumitraş, P. Boancă

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2016, 43(1):42-49 | DOI: 10.17221/6/2015-HORTSCI  

Chinese cabbage is a less known, cultivated and consumed vegetable species in Transylvania, although previous studies have shown that it can be grown successfully in this area. The main purpose of the present research was to underline the effectiveness of various treatments on Chinese cabbage growth, yield and quality of the final product in organic farming system. The treatments included: different fertilisation types, place of the culture and several hybrids. Results showed that all the studied factors had a high influence on cabbage heads characteristics such as length, diameter, and weight, on the number of leaves and also on yield. The best yields...