Horticultural Science, 2003 (vol. 30), issue 2
Phenophases of blossoming and picking maturity and their relationships in twenty apricot genotypes for a period of six years
Z. Vachůn
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2003, 30(2):43-50 | DOI: 10.17221/3813-HORTSCI 
The phenophase course in a group of 20 apricot genotypes was evaluated in South Moravian conditions in Lednice, Czech Republic, from 1994 to 1999. The evaluated phases were as follows: "beginning of blossoming", "beginning of picking maturity" and "end of picking maturity". The aim was to evaluate the variability of these phenophases and their relationships. The amplitude of the phenophase "beginning of blossoming" did not exceed 9 days. The amplitude of phenophases between the different years was about three times higher than the average amplitude between the genotypes. The average amplitude of the factor "beginning of picking maturity" observed in...
Responses of cut carnations to a low oxygen level in the ambient atmosphere
J. Goliáš, F. Kobza
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2003, 30(2):51-55 | DOI: 10.17221/3814-HORTSCI
Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers were subjected to low oxygen to investigate the physiological effects on flower senescence. The effect of ultra low oxygen (0.6-0.8%) led to low accumulation of ethanol that amounted to 8 mg/l in the tissue pulp in 19 days. The content of acetaldehyde showed an exponential decrease in its previous value after a subsequent exposition of cut carnations to air but still at a cold storage temperature. The content of sugars such as sucrose, glucose and fructose linearly decreased with small differences between ULO and RA conditions. The sucrose content was at a trace concentration. Visual symptoms of...
Evaluation of pear rootstocks in an orchard
J. Kosina
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2003, 30(2):56-58 | DOI: 10.17221/3815-HORTSCI
This study was conducted in the Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology in Holovousy in order to test some new pear rootstocks under the conditions of the Czech Republic. In a rootstock trial planted in spring 1996 five clonal rootstocks (OH × F 69, OH × F 87, OH × F 230, OH × F 333 and standard Quince BA-29) were compared with Red Barttlet, Conference and Lucas as test cultivars. In comparison with Red Barttlet, the cumulative yield per tree from 1996 to 2002 was the highest on OH × F 69 and the lowest on OH × F 333. The yield efficiency (kg/cm2) was best on BA-29. The cultivar Conference had the highest total yield and yield efficiency...
Precocious beginning of blossoming and tree decline in apricot cultivar Bergeron
Z. Vachún
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2003, 30(2):59-66 | DOI: 10.17221/3816-HORTSCI
Tree mortality was recorded in a selection orchard of maintenance breeding of cv. Bergeron LE-2 in 1993-2002. The beginning of blossoming was examined in individual trees in the same orchard in 1999-2002. Considering the effect of year, a maximum difference in the average beginning of blossoming was 10 days in the whole set of trees. The beginning of blossoming of individual trees was not identical in the same year. A difference in the onset of phenophase "beginning of blossoming" between early and late blossoming trees was 1-4 days in the particular years. The trees maintained their early or late blossoming for the whole period of evaluation. No tree...
Comparison of selected characteristics of root parsley [Petroselinum crispum conv. radicosum (Alef.) Danert] cultivars
R. Pokluda
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2003, 30(2):67-72 | DOI: 10.17221/3817-HORTSCI
An assortment of 15 cultivars of root parsley was studied in field experiments to evaluate morphological characteristics, market yield, content of selected minerals and nitrate content. Storage ability of roots was also assessed. Mean root weight ranged from 87 g (cv. Bartowich Long) to 129 g (cv. Atika). Root head diameter was from 39 mm (cv. Lange) to 49 mm (cv. Halflange Omega and Hamburg). Mean root yield amounted to 1.35 kg/m2 and the highest value was found in cv. Atika. Nitrate content did not exceed the tolerance limit ranging from 113 to 617 mg/kg of f.m. Mean content of K was 4,690 mg, Ca 124 mg, Mg 509 mg, and Na 425 mg/kg of...
The essential oil content in caraway species (Carum carvi L.)
J. Sedláková, B. Kocourková, L. Lojková, V. Kubáň
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2003, 30(2):73-79 | DOI: 10.17221/3818-HORTSCI
Caraway fruits contain 1-6% of essential oils consisting of about 30 compounds, from which carvone and limonene account form the main portion, about 95%. To evaluate the quality of various caraway cultivars, the amounts of essential oils and the carvone/limonene ratio were measured. The most common method of essential oil evaluation is steam distillation in accordance with Standard ČSN 58 0110, but an alternative method - supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) - was also investigated in this paper. Ground caraway fruits were extracted under different SFE conditions (pressure, temperature, use of modifiers). Released compounds (carvone and limonene) were...