Horticultural Science, 2013 (vol. 40), issue 2

Efficacy loss of strobilurins used in protection against apple scab in Czech orchardsOriginal Paper

P. Sedlák, R. Vávra, P. Vejl, S. Boček, J. Kloutvorová

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2013, 40(2):45-51 | DOI: 10.17221/22/2013-HORTSCI  

The apple scab caused by Venturia inaequalis is important apple disease in temperate zone. Economical losses caused by the pathogen are effectively reduced by intensive chemical protection and breeding. Occurrences of pathogen resistence to strobilurin fungicides were noted in some Czech orchards in the past. In 2007-2011, collection of 136 isolates V. inaequalis was tested with the aim to detect presence of single-point mutations of cytochrom b (cytb) gene causing efficacy loss of strobilurins. Consequently occurrence of beta-tubulin (beta-tub) gene mutation causing resistance to benomyl was studied with...

Apple cultivars bred in Holovousy. Part 2 - Fruit characteristics and their storage potentialOriginal Paper

J. Blažek, J. Křelinová, M. Šecová

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2013, 40(2):52-57 | DOI: 10.17221/132/2012-HORTSCI  

In continuation of a previous study concerning tree performance and yield characteristics of 20 Holovousy-bred apple cultivars, their fruit characteristics and storage potential were evaluated during 2006-2011 in comparison to commercial standards (Golden Delicious and Jonagold). Fruits of Meteor cv. had the longest storage potential, exceeding six months. It was followed in this respect by cvs Rubimeg, Zuzana, Rucla and Angold that were better than both standards. Mean fruit sizes of cvs Meteor, Angold, Mivibe, Nabella and Zuzana were larger than the standards. Fruits of cultivar Rubin- step were evaluated as the most attractive. In this respect also...

Evaluation of susceptibility level of pear cultivars to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) in the Czech RepublicOriginal Paper

J. Korba, J. Šillerová, F. Paprštein, J. Sedlák, E. Prokinová, P. Hošková

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2013, 40(2):58-64 | DOI: 10.17221/289/2012-HORTSCI  

Thirty-three pear cultivars and selections of potential interest to pear producers and plant breeders in the Czech Republic were tested for relative field susceptibility to the fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) over five years. Level of fire blight susceptibility was evaluated according to the extent of lesion development on the shoot tips after artificial inoculation in experimental plots under insect proof nets. Old cvs Alexander Lucas (as resistant standard), Conference (as moderately resistant standard) and Beurré Bosc (as susceptible standard) were included in the tests. The 33 pear cultivars and selections were tested, only one of them...

Testing of self-(in)compatibility in apricot cultivars from European breeding programmesOriginal Paper

D. Milatović, D. Nikolić, B. Krška

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2013, 40(2):65-71 | DOI: 10.17221/219/2012-HORTSCI  

Self-(in)compatibility was tested in 40 new apricot cultivars from European breeding programmes. Pollen-tube growth in pistils from laboratory pollinations was analysed using the fluorescence microscopy. Cultivars were considered self-compatible if at least one pollen tube reached the ovary in the majority of pistils. Cultivars were considered self- incompatible if the growth of pollen tubes in the style stopped along with formation of characteristic swellings. Of the examined cultivars, 18 were self-compatible and 22 were self-incompatible. Fluorescence microscopy provides a relatively rapid and reliable method to determine self-incompatibility in...

Tree and orchard variability of Silver King nectarine (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) fruit quality componentsOriginal Paper

G. Liguori, V. Farina, G. Gullo, P. Inglese

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2013, 40(2):72-77 | DOI: 10.17221/65/2012-HORTSCI  

The variability of crop quality accounts for most of seasonal variation of farmers' incomes, since fruit growth and quality components may greatly change according to various environmental and within-tree factors. Canopy architecture and orchard layout are mainly responsible for fruit size, quality and its variability. A positive relationship was measured in peach between intercepted radiation and PAR and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). This study was carried out to measure within tree and orchard variability of fruit of the early ripening cv. Silver King nectarine (Prunus persica (L.), Batsch) 8-years-old peach trees trained...

Effect of growth regulators on flower and leaf yield of the calla lily (Zantedeschia Spreng.)Original Paper

B. Janowska

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2013, 40(2):78-82 | DOI: 10.17221/263/2012-HORTSCI  

To assess the effect of a mixture of benzyladenine and gibberellic acid on the quality and yield of flowers and leaves of cvs Albomaculata, Black Magic and Mango, their tubers were soaked before planting for 30 min in a water solution with 100-600 ppm BA and 150 ppm GA3. The BA + GA3 mixture application resulted in 2.5-3.5 times as many flowers in comparison to the control plants, which did not affect the quality of flowers and the yield of leaves. The leaves, however, showed higher greenness index and protein quantity.

Survey and molecular detection of Bois noir in vineyards of the Czech Republic- Short communicationShort Communication

M. Starý, P. Válová, D. Šafářová, P. Lauterer, P. Ackermann, M. Navrátil

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2013, 40(2):83-87 | DOI: 10.17221/30/2012-HORTSCI  

Stolbur phytoplasma is an important pathogen associated with the Bois noir (BN) disease of grapevines. In the Moravia wine region, plants exhibiting BN-symptoms were observed in 14 localities, covering all four of the wine sub-regions. On other hand in the Bohemia wine region, symptomatic plants occurrence was only sporadic. All of the stolbur phytoplasma isolates were ascribable to the 16SrXII-A subgroup and the tuf-b type. The loss of grape clusters reached 50%, comparing the fully affected grapevine plants with the healthy ones.

Evaluation of blackberry and hybrid berry cultivars new to Polish climate - Short communicationShort Communication

J. Wójcik-Seliga, E. Wójcik-Gront

Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2013, 40(2):88-91 | DOI: 10.17221/1/2012-HORTSCI  

There were 13 blackberry cultivars new in Poland tested, including: Black Butte, Boysenberry, Chester Thornless, Helen, Karaka Black, Kotata, Loch Ness, Loch Tay, Loganberry, and Oregon Thornless. The experiment was conducted between 2005 and 2010 in central Poland with the main focus on resistance of the cultivars to adverse local environmental conditions, as well as to assess the yield and fruit quality. Analysis of data on fruit yield and fruit weight indicated significant differences between cultivars and years. There were slight differences in harvest date from year to year. Cv. Chester Thornless had the greatest yield - avg. 12.9 kg/plant (2007-2008)....