Horticultural Science, 2006 (vol. 33), issue 3
Incidence of storage diseases on apples of selected cultivars and advanced selections grown with and without fungicide treatments
J. Blažek, J. Kloutvorová, J. Křelinová
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2006, 33(3):87-94 | DOI: 10.17221/3744-HORTSCI 
In the course of a 3-year study the natural occurrence of storage diseases in ambient air storage with 1 to 2°C was evaluated on samples of 30 cultivars and advanced selections that were harvested from orchards with and without the use of fungicide treatments. Based upon the frequency of occurrence, bitter rot and grey mould were the most common diseases in this study followed by blue mould and brown rot. Fungicide treatments applied in the orchard with integrated plant protection reduced total fruit rotting with different cultivars two to four times. Significant losses caused by rotting usually took place in the last quarter of the normal storage...
Polyphenol content and antiradical activity in different apple varieties
J. Lachman, M. Šulc, J. Sus, O. Pavlíková
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2006, 33(3):95-102 | DOI: 10.17221/3745-HORTSCI
Polyphenols are important antioxidant constituents of apples and they contribute positively to human health because they possess an antiradical activity. Fifteen apple varieties were analysed for their total polyphenol content (TP) by two methods - by Folin-Ciocalteau reagent (FC) and by EBC method with carboxylmethylcellulose/sodium ethylendiamintetraacetate (CMC/EDTA) and their antiradical activity (ARA) by DPPH method using stable free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.). TP and ARA were determined in freshly expressed apple juice and apples and obtained results were statistically evaluated. The differences between varieties were significant....
Dynamics of changes in total anthocyanins during the fermentative maceration of grapes
J. Balík
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2006, 33(3):103-107 | DOI: 10.17221/3746-HORTSCI
This paper deals with the results of studies on changes in the content of total anthocyanins depending on their fermentative maceration from grapes of traditional Moravian cultivars (Blauer Portugieser, Saint Laurent and Blaufrankisch). Colouring matters were macerated in the course of alcoholic fermentation either in a closed rotary tank or in an open tank with a periodically plunging pulp cap. The losses resulting from adsorption of anthocyanins on yeast biomass were quantified. Concentration losses of anthocyanins were also observed in the course of fermentation of musts made of teinturier grape cultivars Alibernet and Neronet, when the skins of...
Differences in fruit skin thickness between selected apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars assessed by histological and sensory methods
I. Homutová, J. Blažek
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2006, 33(3):108-113 | DOI: 10.17221/3747-HORTSCI
In total 20 grown cultivars and advanced selections were included in a two-year study of apple skin thickness. The mean skin thickness of single cultivars measured on classical histological sections through the skin varied from 33.3 μm to 73.1 μm. The late ripening cultivars (Resista,Melrose, Angold and Zuzana) had a thicker skin than the earlier ripening ones. Direct measurements of the apple skin showed that its thickness was not uniform but variable to a great extent between single slices even within a very short distance. The magnitude of variability seemed to be also somewhat dependent on the cultivar. The skin thickness was significantly...
The effect of Lignofert organic fertilizer on formation and quality of head lettuce yield
M. Valšíková, A. Viteková
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2006, 33(3):114-118 | DOI: 10.17221/3748-HORTSCI
Nowadays soils for vegetable growing are poor in humus because the possibility of using stable dung is limited. The application of Lignofert organic carbonaceous fertilizer made of ground lignite seems to be a solution. It is intended as a fertilizer for the field or greenhouse growing of vegetables, as a component to composts, soil substrates and likewise. Lignofert effects on the formation of lettuce yield, weight of heads and NaNO3 content were studied in 2003 to 2005. Head lettuce grown in a greenhouse and in field conditions was a biological material. Average lettuce yields and average weight of heads in 2005 were statistically highly...
Improving germination of Prunus avium L. seeds by gibberellic acid, potassium nitrate and thiourea
M. Çetinbaş, F. Koyuncu
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2006, 33(3):119-123 | DOI: 10.17221/3750-HORTSCI
To break dormancy and increase the germination of Prunus avium L. (mazzard cherry) seeds, various methods were tested including the removal of the seed coat after cold moist stratification and treatment with GA3, KNO3, or thiourea. Treatments with 7,500 ppm KNO3 after 120 days of stratification were more effective, yielding 64.54% germination of seeds with coat. In seeds without coat, 500 ppm GA3 treatment after 120 days of stratification gave 79.74% germination; a value increased about 29% compared to control.
Occurrence of spontaneous polyploids in Citrus
M. Usman, T. Saeed, M. M. Khan, B. Fatima
Hort. Sci. (Prague), 2006, 33(3):124-129 | DOI: 10.17221/3751-HORTSCI
Seedlings recovered from underdeveloped seeds of different commercial cultivars of Citrus were studied for their ploidy level. Cytological examination revealed that maximum triploid plants were found in lime Kaghzi (15.5%) followed by grapefruit Foster, mandarin Kinnow, sweet orange Musambi and mandarin Feutrell's Early (7.3%). Lime also produced the highest percentage of tetraploids (9.1%) followed by mandarin Kinnow and grapefruit Foster, while the minimum was found in mandarin Feutrell's Early. The polyploids were transplanted in pots and after hardening they were grown in the greenhouse for further morphological and genetic assays.