Hort. Sci. (Prague), X:X | DOI: 10.17221/192/2024-HORTSCI

Comparative evaluation of IBA and NAA effects on rhizogenesis and shoot morphogenesis in rose stem cuttingsOriginal Paper

Wagdi Saber Soliman ORCID...¹, Khaled Saad-Eldeen¹, Ahmed M. Abbas², Mohammed O. Alshaharni², Abd-Allah Gahory¹

¹ Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt

² Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia

This study was conducted at the Floriculture Nursery, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt, during the 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 growing seasons. The experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of two plant growth regulators (PGRs), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), on the root and shoot development of rose, a species known for its poor rooting ability. A split-plot arrangement within a randomised complete block design was used, with PGR type assigned to the main plots and concentrations (control, 500, 1 000, 1 500, and 2 000 ppm) allocated to the sub-plots. Both IBA and NAA significantly improved plant height, root length, and potassium content. The application of 500 ppm IBA and 1 000 ppm of NAA produced the greatest increases in rooting percentage, number of leaves and branches, shoot and root fresh and dry weights, and phosphorus content. Higher concentrations (1 500 and 2 000 ppm) reduced the time required for leaf sprouting and increased stem diameter as well as nitrogen content. Overall, concentrations between 500 and 1 500 ppm enhanced both shoot and root growth. However, soaking stem cuttings in a 2 000 ppm IBA solution for 30 minutes was the most effective for promoting root formation and improving overall plant growth.

Keywords: indole-3-butyric acid; naphthalene acetic acid; vegetative propagation; growth characters; rooting; shooting

Received: October 17, 2024; Revised: March 12, 2026; Accepted: March 18, 2026; Prepublished online: July 31, 2026